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Sun Protection



Sun is as important for our physical well being as it is for our mental health. Sun helps the body produce melatonin, a hormone responsible for our biorhythms and moods.

Unfortunately, the Sun’s effects aren’t all sunny. In fact, the sun is one of the leading causes of premature ageing of the skin, cataracts and skin cancer. The good news is that we can protect ourselves. With the right sunscreen and good sunglasses, we can let the sun shine safely.

The effects of the sun’s rays.

Tanning

A suntan occurs when the sun’s rays penetrate deeply into the skin’s layers, stimulating the production of melanin, which rises to the surface, darkening the skin. Contrary to what many people think, a suntan is not necessarily a sign of good health. In truth, it is the way the body reacts when it has been harmed. Generally speaking, the darker the tan, the more damage has been done. It is also important to know that just because you already have a tan does not mean you are protected from the sun, A tan is only equivalent to an SPF of 4. So if you really want that tanned look, you might want to opt for a self-tanner, and use a good sunscreen cream or lotion.



Premature ageing of the skin

Prolonged and frequent exposure to the sun causes many types of damage to our skin: reduced elasticity, irregular pigmentation, roughness and dryness, deep cracks, etc.



Sunburn

Sunburn can occur after even an hour of excessive exposure to bright sun’s rays, and its effect are often a their worst after 24 hours Treatment varies according to the severity of the sunburn Mild cases can be treated with cold compresses, analgesics and a soothing cream. Severe case, which also cause headaches, lethargy and fever, require medical attention. Infants and young children with sunburns should always be seen by a doctor.




Photosensitivity

Many cosmetics, perfumes and colognes should be avoided if you are going to be exposed to sunlight.
Similarly, certain types of medication can cause intolerance to sunlight and local reactions if you take them before going  out in the bright sun.
Medications most commonly associated with photosensitivity are certain antibiotics and diuretics, hormones, and anti acne creams. If you are taking any of these products, you should strongly consider an SPF 45 or 60.



Pregnant women should also use strong sun screens, with an SPF between 30 and 60, and combined with UVA/UVB protection. Without the proper protection, pregnant women often get dark pigmentations on their cheeks and for-head a condition known as pregnancy mask.

Skin cancer

Without adequate protection, UV rays from the sun can provoke skin cancer and weaken your body’s defence mechanisms. Skin cancer or melanoma, can be identified by the following characteristics

  1. Asymmetrical shape
  2. Borders are irregular
  3. Colour is variegated
  4. Diameter greater then 5 mm
  5. Evolution

 

 

Sunscreens

The sun’s rays can be amplified and reflected by a number of surfaces including sand, snow, white paint, aluminium and water. For example, snow reflects up to 80% of the sun’s rays, so you need protection in winter just like you do in summer.



Choosing the right type of protection depends on a number of factors. The Canadian Dermatological association recommends an SPF of at least 15 for long term protection from the sun. However, people who burn easily or have a history of skin cancer should use a lotion or cream with an SPF between 30 and 60.



The SPF quantifies the amount of protection from UVB rays only. It is important to ensure that your cream or lotion also provides UVA protection. The higher the SPF rating, the higher the UVB protection. In concrete terms, an SPF of 15 means that the amount of UVB rays required to burn your skin is 15 times higher than normal.

Remember though, because the concentration of UVB rays varies throughout the day, and SPF of 15 does not mean you can stay out in the sun 15 minutes longer.

How often you apply your sunscreen depends on the type of activity. If you are working outdoors, you will have to apply it several times. If you work in an office, once a day is enough.

To take advantage of summer safely, you have to get adequate protection:
  1. Use a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15 that also provides UVA protection.
  2. Apply your sunscreen 30 minutes before exposure to the sun and continue applying it throughout the day.
  3. Apply enough lotion or cream to cover the entire area
  4. Make sure you cover every part of your body that is exposed: ears, nose, around the eyes and protect your lips.

Sunscreen creams and lotions are not only solution:

  1. reduce your exposure to the sun between 11 AM and 4 PM. When the sun’s rays are their most concentrated
  2. Stay in the shade as often as possible; look for parasols when you eat outdoors
  3. Wear clothes that cover your arms and legs
  4. Wear a wide brimmed hat and sunglasses that offer both UVA and UVB protection

 

Protecting Children From The Sun


Sunscreen creams and lotions are not recommended for children 6 months of age or younger. Infants must be covered by clothes and parasols at all times when outdoors.

For children six months and older, a cream o lotion of at least SPF 15 is required. Make sure you use a product that offers complete protection from UV rays, particularly for sensitive areas like the nose and shoulders To avoid skin reactions, choose hypoallergic products.